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Sacrifice in Maya culture
Sacrifice was a religious activity in Maya culture, involving either the killing of animals or the bloodletting by members of the community, in rituals superintended by priests. Sacrifice has been a feature of almost all pre-modern societies at some stage of their development and for broadly the same reason: to propitiate or fulfill a perceived obligation towards the gods.
==Crisis and sacrifice==
What is known of Mayan ritual practices comes from two sources: the extant chronicles and codices of the missionary-ethnographers who arrived with or shortly after the Spanish conquest and subsequent archaeological data. The historical record is more sparse than that for the Aztecs, (p. 687)〔Bancroft 1882.〕 and can only be reliable in regards to the Post-Classical period, long after the Classic Maya collapse. The chroniclers have also been accused of colonial bias, but our most comprehensive account of Maya society,〔(De Landa, Diego 1937. )〕 by Diego de Landa, has been described by modern experts as an "ethnographic masterpiece”,〔Wells 1996, p.201.〕 despite his role in the destruction of Mayan codices.
The archaeological data has continued to expand as more excavations are undertaken, confirming much of what the early chroniclers wrote. A major breakthrough was the deciphering of the Maya syllabary in the 1950s, which has allowed the glyphs carved into many temples to be understood. Excavation and forensic examination of human remains has also thrown light on the age, sex and cause of death of sacrificial victims. The reason for sacrifice was that the Mayans believed that the only way for the sun to rise was for them to sacrifice someone or something every day to the gods. Their prisoners were mainly attackers from other polities.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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